4500 calBC) several meter high mounds (e.g. Permanent settlements were founded here already during the Neolithic Age – some of them forming in the course of many centuries (ca. The hydrological conditions affected greatly the behaviour of human groups since prehistoric times. This karstic aquifer connects hydraulically both the surficial and the ground water of Sykourio basin with the springs that are found at the border of the bedrock formations of Chassambali hills and the East Thessalianalluvial aquifer, to the south of Sykourio basin. Through small sinkholes around Bara Toibasi lake, a result of karstification, lake water infiltrates and feeds the karstic aquifer developed inside the limestone formations. Kalamitsa river and its smaller tributaries drain the largest part of Sikourio and Elateia basins, forming a steep gorge at Magoula Bounarbasi, near Kispelochori. The river Xerias drains a large part of Mt Ossa and flows to the south towards the remnants of the lake Bara Toibasi in the southern part of Sikourio basin (Fig.1). Today, Sikourio and Elateia basins are hydrologically connected to the Pinios river basin through the Kalamitsa drainage that flows towards northwest into the main Pinios river body. These intra-mountain basins probably were formed during the post-orogenic extension of Middle Tertiary (Caputo & Pavlides, 1993 Kilias, 1995).
Sikourio basin is nowadays connected to another complex of smaller basins forming the Elateia basin. The most prominent of these basins is Sikourio basin, separated from the Larisa plain by the Chassambali chain of hills.
NONLINEAR INVERSION RES2DINV SERIES
At the lower slopes of Mt Olympus and Mt Ossa, a series of intra-mountain basins develop between the lower eastern Thessalian Plain and the main mountain blocks. Mt Olympus (2919 m.a.s.l.) and Mt Ossa (1978 m.a.s.l.) form the northeastern boundaries of the Thessalian Plain in Central Greece, separating the plain from the Aegean Sea. Moreover, it shows the potential of the interdisciplinary approach in a challenging pottery assemblage like the one from Sphakia deriving from surface survey.ĪBSTRACT. The study and analysis of the material offers an in-depth investigation of the pottery that was produced in or reached this remote part of Crete in an era of intense circulation and sea trade in the Mediterranean. Moreover, the compositional analysis of the clay pastes helped us distinguish between calcareous and non calcareous groups, and investigate further the technological parameters of this assemblage, namely the clay recipes and firing temperatures. In spite of their qualitative similarities in terms of their content in aplastic inclusions, the textural differences observed through OM helped us identify five petrographic groups and two loners. For this reason a total of 101 ceramic sherds were analyzed through mineralogical (X-ray powder Diffraction - XRPD Optical microscopy – OM), petrographic (OM), and microstructural (Scanning Electron Microscopy – SEM) techniques. Our main aim was to identify the Cretan production against potential imports from off-Cretan centers and local imitations of foreign prototypes. The ceramic shapes recognized include fine drinking and serving vessels such as kantharoi, skyphoi, hydriae, bowls, cups, dishes, plates, transport vessels mainly amphorae, and some domestic vessels (mainly beehives).
The present study deals with the archaeometric characterization of the Roman-Late Roman ceramic assemblage collected during the archaeological surface survey undertaken in the 1980s and Drs J.
Sphakia is a diverse and moutainous region in SW Crete, Greece.
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